Cataract surgery is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures globally, with millions of patients undergoing this operation annually. The process involves removing the eye's natural lens, which has become opaque or cloudy due to cataract formation, and replacing it with an artificial lens, known as an intraocular lens (IOL).
Historically, monofocal IOLs have been the standard choice, offering clear vision at a single distance, usually for far vision, which typically necessitates the use of glasses for near or intermediate tasks like reading or computer work. However, as patient expectations have evolved, so too has the technology behind IOLs. This has led to the development of advanced lenses, such as multifocal, accommodating, and extended depth-of-focus (EDOF) IOLs, each aiming to provide a broader range of clear vision and reduce dependency on glasses.